Air-jet spinning is a yarn-production method that uses a high-velocity stream of compressed air to twist outer wrapper fibers around a core of parallel fibers, producing yarn with less surface hairiness than conventional ring-spun yarn and at a much higher production speed. The German inventor Konrad Goetzfried filed the first patent describing the concept in 1955, and DuPont attempted an early commercial version, called the Rotofil, in 1963, but it failed to gain acceptance in the market; the technology only became commercially viable when the Japanese company Murata Machinery introduced the Murata Jet Spinner in 1982, followed by Murata's Vortex Spinner in 1997 and Rieter's J 70 system in 2024. Modern air-jet spinning machines run at speeds of 120 to 600 meters per minute, and by 2023 roughly 637,000 air-jet spinning positions were installed worldwide, a still-small but growing share of overall yarn production.
Facts
SignificanceAir-jet spinning uses a high-velocity stream of compressed air to twist fibers into yarn at production speeds far above conventional ring spinning, and the Murata Jet Spinner's 1982 introduction attracted strong industrial interest for spinning fine counts at these higher speeds. 1 Partially Attested
Patent or First-Use DateGoetzfried filed the patent application in 1955; the German patent document DE 1056018B was published on 1959-04-23, so this date is the patent's publication date rather than its filing date. FAQs
What is the difference between two-nozzle air-jet spinning and vortex spinning?
Two-nozzle systems wrap fibers in two stages with counter-rotating vortices; vortex spinning uses a three-dimensional vortex that suits cotton and gives more ring-like yarn.
Both methods convey a fiber strand into a nozzle chamber where compressed air creates a vortex that wraps some fibers around the outside of the strand. Two-nozzle systems, pioneered by the Murata Jet Spinner, use sequential jets that produce counter-rotating vortices, so the wrapper fibers are created in two stages. Vortex spinning, introduced by the Murata Vortex Spinner, produces a three-dimensional rather than two-dimensional vortex. That is better suited to cotton and blends and creates yarns with properties closer to ring-spun yarn.
Connections
In Field
Source Air-jet spinning, Wikipedia
Sources
1. Air-jet spinning, Wikipedia
History section
In 1955, the German inventor Konrad Goetzfried filed a patent for a "method and apparatus for pneumatic spinning of a yarn."
References list, DE 1056018B citation
DE 1056018B, Konrad Götzfried, "Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum pneumatischen Spinnen eines Fadens", published 1959-04-23
History section [significance]
attracted immediate industrial attention for spinning fine counts at production speeds far above contemporary ring frames
- In Group: Spinning and Fibre-Preparation Machinery, lead
In Field: Textile Engineering, Categories
Spinning
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