Engineers whose defining technological contribution is infrastructure built at civil scale: bridges, tunnels, dams, aqueducts and irrigation and water-supply systems. Belongs here: John Smeaton as the profession's own founder, bridge builders such as Othmar Ammann, Joseph Strauss and Emily Warren Roebling, and the ancient and medieval hydraulic engineers, Sextus Julius Frontinus, Li Bing, Sunshu Ao and al-Karaji, whose dams, aqueducts and qanats predate the profession's formal name by centuries. Does not belong here: factory-floor manufacturing or process engineering, grouped under Industrial or Chemical Engineering, even where a civil engineer's career later crosses into it.
Facts
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Sources
1. Wikipedia: Engineering
WikipediaIntroduction, traditional disciplinesQuote, Introduction, traditional disciplines
The traditional disciplines of engineering are civil, mechanical, electrical, and chemical.
2. Wikipedia: Civil engineering
WikipediaHistory, As a profession, 1747 first institutionQuote, History, As a profession, 1747 first institution
In 1747, the first institution for the teaching of civil engineering, the Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussees, was established in France
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