Electronic Calculator

An electronic calculator is a portable device built to perform calculations ranging from basic arithmetic to more advanced mathematics, developed from the first solid-state electronic calculators of the early 1960s. Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments built the first handheld prototype, called Cal Tech, in 1967, and Japan's first commercial portable calculators, including the Sanyo ICC-0081, the Canon Pocketronic, and the Sharp QT-8B, appeared in 1970. The Busicom LE-120A, marketed as the HANDY in early 1971, was the first calculator small enough for a pocket and the first built around a single integrated circuit with an LED display, developed alongside Intel's 4004 microprocessor which Intel had built for Busicom. Hewlett-Packard's HP-35, launched in 1972 as the first scientific pocket calculator, and falling prices through the 1970s made calculators affordable to most people before the dedicated device's market was later absorbed by smartphones.