The Hypertext Transfer Protocol, or HTTP, is the application-level protocol that governs how a web browser requests a resource such as a page or an image from a server and how the server returns that resource, forming the basic communication rule of the World Wide Web. British computer scientist Tim Berners-Lee designed the first version of HTTP in 1989 and 1990 at the CERN research laboratory alongside HTML and the first web browser, as part of the same project that created the web. The protocol has since been revised several times, most notably HTTP/1.1 in 1997, and is now most often used in its encrypted HTTPS form, which layers HTTP over Transport Layer Security to protect data in transit.
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