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Lean Manufacturing

Also Known As Lean Production

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Lean manufacturing is a production approach organized around eliminating waste in every form, any activity that consumes time, material or capacity without adding value the customer will pay for, while continuously improving the process. It generalizes the Toyota Production System that Taiichi Ohno and Kiichiro Toyoda built at Toyota from the late 1940s onward, informed by Ohno's study of Henry Ford's moving assembly line and of how American supermarkets restocked shelves only as goods actually sold. Toyota adopted the system company wide in 1962. The English term lean production was coined by engineer John Krafcik in his 1988 MIT Sloan Management Review article Triumph of the Lean Production System, drawn from his research at NUMMI, the Toyota-General Motors joint venture, and at MIT's International Motor Vehicle Program; Krafcik and his MIT colleagues James Womack, Daniel Jones and Daniel Roos popularized the term worldwide in their 1990 book The Machine That Changed the World.

Facts
Core Principle
Identify what the customer actually values, map the steps that create it, remove every step that does not add that value, and let real demand pull production rather than pushing to a forecast. 1
Origin Year
1988 1
1988 is when John Krafcik coined the term lean production in print; the Toyota Production System it generalizes had already run company wide since 1962, with roots reaching to Kiichiro Toyoda's just-in-time thinking in the 1930s.
Cross-Tradition Connections

Associated With

Invented By

Krafcik coined the term lean production in his 1988 Sloan Management Review paper, generalizing the Toyota Production System he studied at NUMMI.

In the Other Atlases
Sources
1. The Evolution of Lean Production: 25 Years After John Krafcik Coined the Term (Lean Blog)
Lean BlogThe 1988 Article That Coined Lean Production section
Quote, The 1988 Article That Coined Lean Production section
The term 'lean production' arguably was first used in an MIT Sloan Management Review article by John Krafcik that was published 25 years ago this fall (Fall 1988)
View the Source
The Origins of TPS (Creative Safety Supply)
Creative Safety SupplyInvented By: Taiichi OhnoView the Source
The Origins of TPS (Creative Safety Supply)
Creative Safety SupplyAssociated With: The Assembly LineView the Source
Krafcik, J.F. (1988) Triumph of the Lean Production System, Sloan Management Review 30: 41-52
John F. Krafcik, MIT Sloan Management Review, 1988Invented By: John KrafcikView the Source
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