George E. Waring Jr. was an American sanitary engineer who pioneered separate systems for sewage and stormwater drainage. He designed the 'Waring system' of small, separate sewer pipes for towns such as Lenox, Massachusetts, reducing the disease-carrying sewage that had previously mixed with street runoff in combined sewers, and in the 1890s he reorganized New York City's Department of Street Cleaning, introducing uniformed sanitation crews ('White Wings') and systematic waste collection that sharply reduced urban filth and disease. His work established sanitary engineering as a distinct discipline within civil engineering.
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