Fuel Injection

Fuel injection is the introduction of fuel into an internal combustion engine through a fuel injector rather than a carburetor, used in all compression-ignition diesel engines and in most modern spark-ignition petrol engines. George Bailey Brayton patented an air-blast fuel injection system in 1872, and Rudolf Diesel adapted and improved it for his own diesel engine in 1894; Herbert Akroyd Stuart built a pressurized fuel-injection hot-bulb engine in 1891, and Prosper l'Orange's 1919 pre-combustion chamber and Bosch's 1927 high-pressure diesel injection pumps carried the technology into mass production. Mass-produced fuel-injected diesel passenger car engines, such as the Mercedes-Benz OM 138, appeared in the late 1930s and early 1940s, and fuel injection reached petrol passenger cars in the early 1950s, gradually replacing the carburetor almost entirely by the early 1990s.