Pump

A pump is a device that moves liquids, gases or sometimes slurries by mechanical action, typically turning electrical energy into hydraulic or pneumatic energy. Positive displacement pumps trap a fixed volume of fluid and force it out through a discharge pipe, centrifugal pumps accelerate fluid outward and convert that motion into pressure, axial flow pumps move fluid along the pump own axis at high flow and lower pressure, electromagnetic pumps move conductive liquids using magnetic fields, impulse pumps use gas pressure, and gravity pumps such as siphons rely on gravity alone. Pumps have a long history of practical use, including windmills and watermills built to pump water, the piston pump the engineer Al Jazari depicted around 1206, and steam powered pumps that appeared in medieval times.